A. Plan of Investigation The purpose of this study is to answer the question: To what extent did Chinese leaders demonstrate their power through the control of sex during the Chinese Cultural Revolution? This can provide historians with a better understanding of the extent to which Chinese leaders controlled every aspect of the lives of the Chinese people. This is a fairly new topic because, as I will discuss later in the project, sex was silenced during the Cultural Revolution.(words:137)| B. Summary of Evidence The Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) was a time of great social change for the Chinese nation. In the words of Premier Zhou Enlai, the Revolution “defeated the arrogance of the reactionary bourgeoisie and… broke the old ideas, customs and habits of the exploiting classes, fostered new ideas, culture, customs and habits of the proletariat, and vigorously promoted the revolution of people's minds." The state controlled sex through its different treatment of people in rural environments and those in urban environments: loose in the former and severe in the latter. Urban areas were full of bourgeois and rural areas of "sent down youth", teenagers who were "sent to work in the fields to reform their thinking". "Country life was punctuated by flirtation and sex." Sex was an abomination in urban environments because it was seen as “equated with being cheap, and bourgeois, with promiscuity; [the transgressors] are non-revolutionaries, not worthy of the brave hearts that should beat with the idea of ​​building a new socialist nation.” The Chinese were called to “maintain the honor and reputation of the country” by “remaining pure”. Sex was no longer a personal affair; it was a matter of concentration...... middle of paper......a: Alive in the Bitter Sea. New York: Times Books, 1982.Chesneaux, Jean. China: The People's Republic, 1946-1976. Translated by Paul Auster and Lydia Davis. New York: Pantheon, 1979. Diamant, Neil Jeffrey. Revolutionizing the Family: Politics, Love, and Divorce in Urban and Rural China, 1946-1968. London, England: University of California Press, Ltd., 2000. Honig, Emily. "Socialist Sex: The Cultural Revolution Revisited." Modern China 29, no. 2 (April 2003): 143-175. http://lnks.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-7004%28200304%2929%3A2%3C143%3ASSTCRR%3E2.0.CO%3BR2-3 (accessed April 3, 2008).Pan, Lynn. The new Chinese revolution. Chicago, IL: Contemporary Books, 1988. Zhou, Enlai. Speech, September 30, 1966. Speech by Prime Minister Zhou Enlai at the National Day reception. http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/zhou-enlai/1966/09/30.htm (accessed January 28, 2010).