In many societies, patriotism is an indispensable value. It is seen as a quality that everyone tends to have. In politics, when we talk about patriotism, we don't mean to discuss it; referring to patriotism means referring to something good according to common sense. However, history teaches that patriotism can quickly and easily slide into nationalism and militarism and become a reason to hate foreigners. In light of this observation, philosophers have studied the moral foundations of patriotism. One may ask what the object of patriotism is and whether this object is morally acceptable: is a country whatever that country represents? Some will argue that being a patriot is not about questioning your country; it's just following the motto “my country, right or wrong” and loving it blindly; others will say that for this very reason patriotism should be avoided. But a patriot can also advance the well-being of his country by attempting to hold it to moral standards, and it seems that to make patriotism morally acceptable, a country must hold to certain high moral principles that give the patriot a satisfactory reason to support it. it, then the object of patriotism is a valuable country? Or is the object of patriotism simply a political ideal? Does the object of patriotism inherently carry a moral obligation to itself? Alasdair MacIntyre (1994) argues for the first option. Look at patriotism from a community point of view; believes that patriotism is morally not only acceptable but also central to any moral system. For him, patriotism is legitimate because one must build one's own moral values within a given community. Others prefer a more moderate view of patriotism. This is the case of Stephen Nathanson (1989)...... half of the article ......ism of Ernest Belfort Bax', History of European Ideas, 30 (2004), nr. 4, 463–484. MacIntyre, Alasdair, 'Is Patriotism a Virtue?', E. H. Lindley Lecture, (University of Kansas, 1984). Nathanson, Stephen, 'In Defense of “Moderate Patriotism”', Ethics, 99 (1989) , n. 3, 535–552.—, “Is Patriotism Like Racism?”, APA Newsletter on Philosophy and the Black Experience, 91 (1992), nr. 2, 9–12. Primoratz, Igor, “Patriotism: Morally Permissible, Required, or Valuable?”, Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict: Philosophical Perspectives, ed. by N. Miscevic, (Chicago and LaSalle, Illinois: Open Court Publishing Co., 2000), 101–113.—, 'Introduction' to Patriotism, ed. by I. Primoratz (New York: Humanity Books, 2002), 9–23.—, 'Patriotism: A deflationary View', The Philosophical Forum, 33 (2002), 443–458.—, 'Patriotism', The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by E.Zalta, (2013).
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