During 2008, South Africa generated approximately 430 tonnes of CO2 (Boden et al., 2011), thus ensuring South Africa's commitment to a significant reduction in carbon emissions greenhouse gases through international agreements. The possibility of sequestering CO2 through mineral carbonation of materials (e.g. mining waste) is becoming increasingly attractive (Hietkamp et al., 2004). A number of potentially suitable industrial wastes are widely produced in South Africa (e.g. mine waste) and studies on the mineral carbonation of these have been conducted (Meyer and Vogeli et al., 2014, pp. 45-51). But to date the contribution and mitigation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions by the cement industry have not been addressed. The South African construction sector contributes between 80 and 90% of total infrastructure spending within the South African Development Community (SADC). Growth in the construction sector has direct effects on the cement industry and in 2009 production capacity increased by 24% to 17.5 million tonnes of locally produced cement for the year in question. Cement occupies approximately 50% of the volume of the mixed concrete and is responsible for the physical-mechanical properties of the concrete. Cement production is essential for infrastructure and building construction, creating demands in large quantities. The energy resources invested in the production process and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions have become problematic. The cement production process has become one of the largest sources of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions in the world, contributing to approximately 5% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions (WBCSD, 2009). Increasing pressure is being placed on industry to reduce CO2 emissions, leveraging awareness of sustainability....... half the paper...... recycle/reuse industrial by-product materials to achieve sustainable development in South Africa, the possibility of sequestering CO2 through mineral carbonation as a carbon storage technology became necessary. Although experimental studies have been conducted on the use of Kiln Dust (CKD) cement as a cement replacement material and positive results have been found (Najim and Mahmod et al., 2014), the CO2 emission produced by the industry is not reduced from this substitute during the raw material phase. Therefore, the most promising mitigation for reducing CO2 emissions is the mineral carbonation of cement kiln dust. The study provides mitigation results not only for the sector's anthropogenic emissions, but also for the reduction of industrial waste piles and landfills and for the use of a stable end product in the construction sector.