Motivation is defined as the desire and action towards goal-directed behavior (Fletcher & Garton, 2007). There are two types of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is when a person is essentially motivated if the desire for change comes from within the individual. For example, an individual may want to learn something because he or she is interested. Another person may want to achieve a goal or task because it is something they feel competent at and enjoy doing (Coon & Mitterer, 2010). Extrinsic motivation comes from outside the person because they are persuaded to perform a task or receive a reward for doing something (Brown, 2007). Incentive theory suggests that people are motivated to do things because of external rewards (Cherry, 2014). Skinner's (1948) research revealed that if you want a behavior or task to increase, you need to make sure it is reinforced with a reward. A reward in an experiment becomes the reason to engage in the action because of the positive consequences. In this experiment, the researcher searches for the correct answers and therefore if a student receives a reward for studying, he will be motivated to study for a test. Skinner's box included a box that had a lever and a food tray, and a hungry mouse could have food delivered to the tray by pressing the lever. Skinner observed that once the rat accidentally pressed the button that released the food, it continually pressed it to get the reward that followed. The speed of button pressing would increase dramatically and remain high until the rat was no longer hungry (Cherry, 2014). Thorndike (1898) studied learning in animals and developed an experiment in which he used a puzzle box to observe the laws of learning. In Thorndike's experiment, he p...... middle of paper ...... while conducting this experiment and an experimenter will ensure that all student information and results are kept private. Responsibilities Researchers appreciate their responsibilities to clients and the general public and to avoid harm to the individual. Participants in this experiment are under 18 years of age and therefore must obtain signed parental permission. Experimenters have a duty of care to participants during the conduct of the experiment and therefore must pay attention to and practice all safety procedures. IntegrityHonesty, accuracy and fairness are present in all interactions with individuals. Because of participant rights, students are treated with respect and have rights that must not be violated by the experimenter and their privacy must not be violated. Participants and their parents will be fully informed about the experiment so that participants are not mistreated.