Throughout the history of the world, people have worried about what it means to live a moral life. Many answers have been given to this question, but the absolute best is found in the Christian Bible. This is because the Bible is a revelation from the Creator. Although people may grope in the dark to find answers to moral questions by looking to natural law, they are always frustrated because the true nature of the world we live in is fallen and corrupt. We have an adversary trying to deceive us and minds that are easily deceived. Even in our most rational phase, we make errors in logical inference and need to be corrected. In this article we will examine biblical ethics in terms of metaethics, deontology, virtue theory, and consequences. Then we will see how these theories relate to the Ten Commandments. Meta-ethics First of all, ethical statements are propositions, which can be true or false. They are not simply exclamations of emotion, nor descriptions of the beliefs of the person who creates them. Ethical statements correspond to the objective characteristics of the world – namely, that the Trinitarian Creator God has revealed things to be good or bad, right or wrong. This implies the obligation to do what is good or right and not to do what is bad or wrong. This is commonly known as divine command theory. The most common objection to the divine command theory was raised already by Plato in his dialogue, the Euthyphro, where he asks "Do God (in Plato's case, the gods) command things because they are good?" , or are things good because God commands them?”1 In response to this, the first thing to note is that this is a much bigger problem for Euthyphro than for a Christian, since Euthyphro imagined a pleth… in between a la carte…that ye may be mature and complete, lacking nothing” (James 1:4). Without divine command, there would be no way to evaluate virtue, but without virtue, and only through the work of the Holy Spirit in our hearts, there would be no real observance of God's law. In all of this, we look forward the consummation of the Kingdom of God, when “they will do no harm or destruction in all my holy mountain, for the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the sea” (Isa. 11:9, NIV). Works Cited Groothuis, Douglas. “Foundations for Christian Ethics: Old and New Testaments”. Lecture notes, Christian ethics and modern culture, spring 2009. Plato. Classics of Western Philosophy, 4th ed., edited by Stephen M. Cahn. Euthyphro. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1995. Rae, Scott B. Moral Choices: An Introduction to Ethics, 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2000.
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