FreudSigmund Freud, physiologist, doctor, psychologist and father of psychoanalysis, is generally recognized as one of the most influential and authoritative thinkers of the 20th century. Known for his pioneering theories in psychoanalysis. Freud was responsible for several theories that are still used today. The five best known are: Stages of development or psychosexual development, Theory of dreams, Id, Ego, Superego, Defense mechanisms and Anxieties. He expressed and refined the concepts of the unconscious, infantile sexuality, repression and proposed a partial tri-description of the structure of the mind (Id, Ego and Super Ego), all as part of a completely new theoretical and beneficial framework for understanding human psychological development and the treatment of abnormal mental conditions. Despite the many manifestations of psychoanalysis as it exists today, almost all key aspects can be traced directly back to Freud's original work (American Psychoanalytic Association, 1998). Furthermore, "Freud's original treatment of human actions, dreams, and cultural artifacts, which have always had an intended symbolic importance, proved extraordinarily productive and had substantial implications for a wide variety of fields, including l anthropology, semiotics and artistic creativity". and appreciation beyond psychology” (American Psychoanalytic Association, 1998). However, Freud's most important and frequently reiterated claim, that with psychoanalysis he had invented a new science of the mind, remains the subject of much critical dispute and controversy. Many of Freud's contributions can be found in matters of crucial importance. Freud didn't exactly invent the idea of ​​the contrast between the conscious and unconscious mind, but he certainly popularized it. The conscious mind is what you are aware of at any particular moment, your current perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, feelings, and so on. Working closely with the conscious mind is what Freud called the preconscious, what we might today call "available memory": everything that can easily be made conscious, the memories you are not thinking about at the moment but can easily recall in the future. mind. No one has problems with these two layers of the mind (Edelson, 1986). By far the largest part is the unconscious. It includes all things that are not easily accessible to awareness, including many things that originate there, such as our drives or instincts, and things that are put there because we can't bear to look at them, such as memories and emotions associated with trauma.