IntroductionWith the advent of the Internet and electronic technology, bullying has evolved from the traditional school context to a more pernicious form: cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is defined as “the use of technology to harass, threaten, embarrass, or target another person” (Kidshealth, 2012). Different mediums include but are not limited to: text messages, phone calls, emails, social networking websites, chat rooms, and instant messaging services. Adolescents constitute the population most susceptible to aggressive and harassing online behavior whether as victims, perpetrators or witnesses. In most cases, online identity directly transcribes offline social status, and both influence each other in a chicken-and-egg dilemma. Cyberbullying constitutes a serious obstacle to the educational, psychological and social well-being of children; in extreme cases, it has led to depression, nervous breakdown and suicide. Meanwhile, unsuspecting parents complain about their children's constant use of technology they consider addictive and, ignoring the dangers and spread of cyberbullying, view Internet predators as a greater threat. (According to the Cyberbullying Research Center, in 2011, 33% of teens were victims of online bullying.) Cyberbullying has a viral nature, so its repercussions have a faster and more permanent impact on a larger scale, are more difficult to extinguish and almost impossible to contain. Identifying perpetrators is also much more difficult due to anonymity features and the possibility of creating a false identity online. Furthermore, the polymorphic aspect of technology makes cyberbullying boundless. As a result, the torment and oppression seem more constant. Nonetheless, online bullying is equally a... middle of paper......chology. Belmont, CA: Cengage Wadsworth.Macháčova, H., Dedkova, L., Sevcikova, A., & Cerna, A. (2013). Bystander support for classmates who are victims of cyberbullying. Journal of Community and Applied Psychology, 23, 25-36. doi: 10.1002/casp.2135.Slonje, R., & Smith, P. K. (2008). Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49, 147–154. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00611.x.Trach, J., Hymel, S., Waterhouse, T., & Neale, K. (2010). Bystander responses to school bullying: A cross-sectional investigation of grade and sex differences. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25(1), 114-130. doi: 10.1177/0829573509357553.Weber, M., Ziegele, M., & Schnauber, A. (2013). Blaming the victim: The effects of extraversion and information disclosure on blame attributions in cyberbullying. Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 16, 254-259.
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