According to Parker and Rathbone, the impact was “complex: broadening opportunities and expanding health, education and welfare services for many Africans” (116). This is historically significant, because the lifestyle of Africans was greatly improved and they were given the opportunity to rise above their established standards. As health care has improved, fertility rates have risen rapidly, leading to large population growth, and “migrants from the countryside have poured into cities across the continent” (116). Due to the increase in population, they became the catalysts of change and the colonial rulers began to lose their power. Along with this, Africa was also improving politically starting from France. According to Parker and Rathbone, “beginning in 1944 a new constitutional relationship was established with its colonies, which for the first time emphasized economic and social progress” (116). For this reason, African representatives were chosen by elections to enter the Paris parliament. Other parties were following a similar path, such as France. Britain, wishing to keep its power in the Gold Coast secure, was discouraged by the citizens. Due to “urban unrest” (118), the British decided to take the path of “self-government for the Gold Coast”