The last three chapters deal with social and political issues within the family. The central issues of chapter thirteen are stress and violence. Examine the stressful, crisis-provoking event and include any situation where a threat is present. It can occur from sources inside and outside the family. The ABCX model refers to some stress events. The consequences of events are likely to differ depending on the source. The formula for the model is A + (B+C) =X. A is the event that interacts with B, the family's resources to deal with the crisis that interact with C. C is the meaning or definition that the family makes of the event to produce X which is the crisis. The consequences of events are likely to differ depending on the source. Some events can bring the family group together. While more disruptive events can impact the family's internal adequacy. Events such as war tend to consolidate the group. Soldiers' families during deployments come together to support each other while their loved one is away. The textbook also uses the example of professional researchers whose papers were rejected. For the simple fact that it is difficult to get published, knowing others who have experienced this helps. Rejection appears to be less critical for the researcher. Other destructive behaviors such as violence and mental breakdowns can impact the family. Life changes, such as the loss of a job and the birth of a child, are also perceived as disruptive events. The textbook states that major life changes and role transitions are often considered stressors. These events are in fact considered beneficial especially if they happen after important stressful events. The resources to deal with the crisis are the family, the B in the ABCX formula is family support systems, money... half of the paper... hospital coverage for new mothers and their babies. Implied family policies are not stated. An example in the textbook is when teenagers attend school until a certain age. Political issues are characterized by differences of ideas, conflicts of power and position. Policies help develop the type of family desired. Goals and objectives aim to maintain the status quo or serve as change. The conventional of the family wants to maintain the status quo who likes tradition. Progressives seek change and multiple family forms. Family policies should be at the micro or macro level. It should focus on a small group. Or it should focus work on the social patterns that shape entire societies. These policies serve to change the status of the family. The family's future doesn't always go according to plan. Any social planning or projection should be done carefully.