Independent Clause (IC)An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. An independent clause is a sentence. Example: Jim studied at the candy store for his chemistry quiz. (IC)Dependent clause (DC)A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence. Often a dependent clause is marked by a dependent marker word. Example: When Jim was studying at the candy store for his chemistry quiz. . . (DC)Dependent Indicator Word (DM)A dependent indicator word is a word added to the beginning of an independent clause that turns it into a dependent clause. Example: When Jim was studying at the candy store for his chemistry quiz, there was a lot of noise. (DM) Some common dependent indicators are: after, although, as, as if, because, before, although, even if, if, for, since, however, unless, until, whatever, when, whenever, if, and while.Connecting Dependent and Independent ClausesThere are two types of words that can be used as connectors at the beginning of an independent clause: coordinating conjunctions and independent marker words.1. Coordinating Conjunction (CC)The seven coordinating conjunctions used as linking words at the beginning of an independent clause are and, but, for, or, nor, so, and yet. When the second independent clause in a sentence begins with a coordinating conjunction, a comma is needed before the coordinating conjunction: Example: Jim studied in the candy store for his chemistry quiz, but it was difficult to concentrate because of the noise. (CC)2. Independent Indicator Word (IM) An independent indicator word is a linking word used at the beginning of an independent clause. These words can always start a sentence that can stand alone. When the second independent clause in a sentence has an independent indicator word, a semicolon is required before the independent indicator word. Example: Jim studied at the Candy Store for his chemistry quiz; however, it was difficult to concentrate due to the noise. (IM) Some common independent markers are: also, consequently, furthermore, however, furthermore, however, and therefore. Correct Punctuation Methods This table provides some examples of ways to combine independent and dependent clauses and shows how to punctuate them correctly.IC. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT. I went to the store. I didn't buy bread.IC; INTEGRATED CIRCUIT. I went to the store; I didn't buy bread.IC, CC IC. I went to the store, but I didn't buy bread.