The Communist Manifesto Drafted in 1848 by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, the "Communist Manifesto" outlines the opinions, tendencies and objectives of the communist party through the so-called philosophy of historical materialism (Distant). These views were expressed in four distinct sections of the “Communist Manifesto.” The first section describes the relationship between bourgeois and proletarians. The next section describes the relationship between proletarians and communists. The third section of the document presents socialist and communist literature. The “Manifesto…” concludes with a section that sets out the position of the communists with respect to the opposition parties. The first section begins with a brief history of the bourgeoisie in various societies. Marx shows that, like previous civilizations, the bourgeoisie, or modern capitalists and employers, has oppressed the proletarian class, or the working class of society. Comparisons are made between ancient Rome and the Middle Ages with the modern bourgeoisie. Marx argues that the “modern bourgeois society which has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society […] has nothing other than established new classes, new conditions of oppression (Marx)”. During the feudal period, feudal lords monopolized industry. As time passed, this system proved insufficient for the nation's growing needs. A new manufacturing system replaced the monopolistic system and soon provided the natural evolution of the capitalist class. Thanks to the increase in work and efficiency, markets continued to grow to the point that even the production system was no longer sufficient. Industrial revolution... center of paper... revolutionary movement against the existing social and political order. In all these movements they bring to the fore, as the main issue, the question of property... Workers of all countries unite! (Marx)”Works Cited1. Brian, Paul. Study questions on the Communist Manifesto.http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/hum_303/manifesto.html (October 19, 2001).2. Distant, Patrick. Evolutionary philosophy---the late 19th century.http://home.earthlink.net/~pdistan/howp_9.html (October 19, 2001)3. Kuhn, Rick. The Communist Manifesto.http://www.anu.edu.au/polsci/marx/classics/manifesto.html (19 October 2001).4. Marx, Karl and Engels, Friedrich. The Communist Manifesto. (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1964)5. Marxism made simple. http://www.marxism-made-simple.fsnet.co.uk/mainpage.htm (19 October 2001).