Geographical Information System (or GIS) is a type of information system used to collect data to analyze and generate maps. In a sense, data is collected from different regions to be placed on a map to study and learn the results. This data can be provided by a tax office that produces a land use map for surveyors and planners in another part of the spectrum, where a wastewater department decides the most important areas of water system repair after a natural disaster . Different types of businesses, from marketing to the police department, will use GIS to plot different information but perhaps on the same map. The theory of the presence of data behind a map dates back to before 200 AD, but it was not until the era of the first computers of the 1960s that those maps where it was possible to investigate, such as that of a company could be used to understand why sales were declining. The Canadian Geographic Information System (CGIS) is one of the first types of GIS to advance and has still been in use since the mid-1960s. The CGIS used information from the data to produce results for use in developing land management plans. This paved the way for the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) in 1969 to begin developing GIS software to be accessible by businesses, non-profit organizations, and the government. Today, ESRI is the leading distributor of GIS software with over 100,000 customer sites worldwide and establishes the representation of GIS software. Today, many non-profit organizations use GIS in the environmental field to aid in conservation and track changes that could cause harm to a species or to monitor existing species and its habitat. In the late 1980s, ESRI started a conservation program to help non-profit organizations in their quest for nature conservation by providing GIS software, data and training. With the GIS program, provided by ESRI or other GIS software developers, nonprofit organizations can identify trends and patterns to understand whether the area is at risk of becoming uninhabitable for species living in the immediate vicinity. The GIS application has four basic functions to perform, namely data acquisition, data management, data integration and map generation. After this data has been collected, organizations in environmental conservation management will use gap analysis to determine new developments or patterns occurring in the area. Gap Analysis consists of comparing the maps of the past with the current ones to make decisions relating to the actions that the organization will have to take to bring benefits to the future on a global scale.