IndexMaterial and methodsResultsDiscussionConclusionThis report discusses the relationship between antibody and antigenic reactions in the laboratory. HIV tests were performed at Chinhoyi Provincial Hospital with the help of laboratory assistants. The tests were carried out using rapid test kits which require a short period of just fifteen minutes to produce results. Introduction It has been found that approximately 20-80% of people in different parts of the world who have HIV infection do not know their HIV status. It is therefore important to take advantage of every opportunity offered to test people who are unaware of their status. Laboratories can play an important role in managing testing procedures by having clear and detailed test request protocols (e.g. providing relevant clinical information on forms) and carefully evaluating all HIV test results according to the most up-to-date diagnostic protocols. to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Materials and Methods Rapid HIV Test Kit Alcohol Cotton Gauze/Wool Sterile Lancets Sharps container or disinfectant jar for lancets Pen for marking or labeling Gloves Aprons or lab coats Timer, clock, or wristwatch with minute hand Paper towels (for lining of the counter, cleaning and hand washing)Soap for hand washingLeak proof bag to contain or move biohazardous waste labeled for incinerationDisinfectant e.g. Jik, Chlorox patches or plastersPositive and negative controlsStandard operating procedures. Results A negative control produced a single faint line on the control section of the test kit, indicating that the specimen was HIV negative. A positive control sample produces faint double lines on both the control section of the test kit and the positive section of the test kit. This indicated that the blood sample was HIV positive. The unknown sample showed only a faint line on the test kit control unit. Therefore a negative HIV result. DiscussionWhen the test sample is HIV negative, only a single faint line is seen on the test kit portion but if the test sample is positive, double lines should be observed on both the control and positive portions of the rapid test kit. trial. Note: Any results indicating that samples are positive or negative without a line observed on the test kit controller are rendered invalid by being bold. This is because there is no evidence to rule out cases such as mechanical failure, manufacturer defects and even expiry date having any bearing on the performance of the kits, so it is of great importance to ensure that all test kits are working properly before confirming samples be positive or negative. Conclusion For the certainty of the results, it is recommended to perform a series of the same experiment to reduce the effects of operational errors on the results. The use of known control samples, known negatives and known positives, will confirm the effectiveness of the test kits and will also increase the operator's confidence in the veracity of the results obtained. Furthermore, the use of SOP would minimize the chances of procedural errors.