Abolition of Zamindari: This reform in the 1950s abolished the zamindari system and recognized the “occupancy rights” (person to whom the land actually belongs) of the farmers. However he did not recognize the rights of the helm. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Tenancy rights: This land reform subsequently respected the rights of tenants, granting them tenure and thus incentivizing them to produce more. This reform was unsuccessful due to its inability to legally register tenants, except in communist-ruled states, where the government was proactive in registering them. For example: Operation Barga in Bengal. Redistribution of Free Lands: This reform initiated by Vinobha Bahve was not very successful for the reason that the lands provided free of charge were mostly uncultivated and uncultivable. Consolidation Reforms: Under this, farmers were asked to voluntarily consolidate their land to increase productivity and this failed due to farmers' fear of losing their fertile land and the likelihood of getting fallow land. Cooperative Farming: Although not legally recognized, the government promoted cooperative farming, which again failed to bear fruit, due to lack of cooperation among farmers. Being an agricultural land, India could have benefited rather than reeled under the agricultural crisis if these reforms had been implemented in letter and spirit. Therefore the government should reorient itself from market-driven land reforms towards those where consolidation and cooperative farming are still viable and promise to show results. Land reforms (LR) are an institutionalist strategy to transform land-human relations. Objectives of LRs: Increase farmers' incomes and therefore standards of living Increase GDP Social justice for all those involved in agriculture: tenant farmers, marginal farmers and sharecroppers Increase productivity Land reforms in India: Abolition of Zamindari: Succeed in states like West Bengal and Kerala due to political will and strong rural mass social base But it failed in other states due to lack of political will, corruption, bureaucratic apathy and the great hand of Zamindar in influencing implementation. Land ceiling: led to land redistribution and promotion of equity. Land was taken from individuals if it was higher than the roof and given to the landless. But it failed in some states due to benamis, poor implementation, lack of proper land records and absentee landlords. Rental reforms: they guaranteed rights and duration of employment to the tenant. They prevented the exploitation of tenants. But absentee landlords and limited tenant voice meant the reform failed in some areas. Cooperative agriculture and land consolidation: These reforms brought more arable land, greater economies of scale, and stable incomes for all involved. There are also problems such as lack of credit, transfer of barren lands to fertile lands and pests. Land reforms with rigorous implementation, political will and clear provisions can be said to be successful, otherwise loopholes are exploited by large landowners to continue the colonial era. situation of exploitation. Since Independence, Land reforms have been a priority on the agenda of our policy makers. Initiatives such as the abolition of intermediaries, rent reforms, land ceilings and land consolidationfragmented measures have been adopted to reorganize the agricultural sector. In the early 1970s, when food insecurity threatened the nation, new scientific innovations (HYV rice) and technologies were adopted leading to the first Green Revolution and various major irrigation projects were undertaken. Next we observe that great importance has been given to organic farming, cooperative farming which can address the problems faced by small landholders. ICAR, the apex autonomous body, has played an important role in promoting agricultural research and new technologies to improve productivity. The LPG reforms have seen an increasing demand for the food processing industry which has created high levels of demand for various agricultural products from private individuals, hence contract farming has come into play in various parts of the country. The advent of ITC has caused a great improvement in the Indian agricultural sector. Digitization of land registers. Empowerment and education of rural farmers with scientific methods of agri.E-choupal, E-Nam - Online platform to sell agricultural products with profitable value. Therefore, with the modernization of agricultural activities, the nature of land reforms must be consistent. land reforms must be pro-agriculture and pro-farmers. With an ambitious plan to double farmers' income by 2022, adequate land must be made available for irrigation and cultivation. Furthermore, in the era of rapid urbanization and industrialization, the government must take a holistic approach to protect agricultural land and the interests of the farming community. Technological progress in the field of information dissemination, micro-irrigation, marketing, storage and transportation, etc., has provided a unique opportunity to realize, otherwise contrary, agriculture represents an attractive occupation especially for rural youth . The change in land reform is necessary for the following reasons: The mechanization of agriculture through the use of newer technological tools such as tractors, threshers, etc. it is not feasible for small and declining land. Furthermore, implementing high-cost, water-efficient micro-irrigation technology is not feasible for small farms. Technology has made price discovery platforms such as e-NAM and forward marketing (trading of warehouse receipts) and product storage. But the land needed for these purposes will require a simpler land acquisition process. FinTech companies boom: Land reforms are expected to make lending to farmers easier by providing land records and land use history. In the future, payment banks will also be able to grant loans. India's digital land records modernization program uses technology to speed up land registration. However, the NITI ayog model land leasing law is yet to be adopted by the states. Impediments (analysis): Land reform is an obstacle. Infrastructural constraints such as poor rural connectivity, erratic supply of electricity and fertilizers along with uncertainty of crop pricing policy are of equal concern. Steps also need to be taken to bridge the rural-urban digital divide, such as using the USOF for faster implementation of the Bharat Net project. The language barrier to accessing technology also needs to be adequately addressed. Therefore, the window offered by technological progress will not benefit farmers unlessland reforms do not aim to infuse them by making land consolidation/leasing possible. Technology is an indispensable factor, but a holistic approach is needed to realize the goal of doubling farmers' income by 2022. Land reform policy must be parallel to current agricultural technologies as this will help channel attention on the issue of land acquisition in a global context. best way: currently satistic practice in calculating productivity focuses on the cultivated area, but the focus should be shifted to productivity per unit area, this will lead to the bifurcation of productive and non-productive land, which can be used for industrial purposes. It is seen that the compensation given for land acquisition often conflicts with the actual prices leading to disputes and difficulties, instead companies should invest in helping agricultural land by acquiring the modernization of agricultural land in the surrounding area as drip irrigation, tractors, well etc. Bringing modernization to agricultural land as a shared responsibility of government and business will not only lead to smooth transfer of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes, but will also increase the productivity of farmers, but will also bring a balance in sustaining the main source of their income which is through their lands.I couldn't write more, please review baba jiTechnology has touched the agricultural practice in India. It has brought many benefits to this country (e.g. the green revolution). Earth being its base, it must remain in tandem with technological changes for maximum benefits. Nature of land reforms: Increasing mechanization requires large tracts of land but in case of India it is fragmented so consolidation is necessary. Biofuel (technology-driven product) paving the way for commercial crops such as jatropha, peanuts and others. Segments of land are needed where these crops can be planted without harming the environment or food security (e.g., national land use policy). Need for a provision to assess soil health (as SIA) after planting of Bt crops (brinjal) or use of Neem coated urea Land Bank; it can be a set of uncultivated lands (e.g. saline areas, desert, impervious lands, coastal areas), these can be rented/loaned to foreigners (FDI) or entrepreneurs to plant crops such as (Bt, hybrid-pattakali rice or curcus). these can be adapted to the topography, the marginal size of the land does not attract investors, thus a barrier to technology transfer. Technology can be a bane or a boon depending on its uses. The increasing dependence on it to solve agricultural shortages (less cultivated area) requires an adaptable land policy. who must be farmers and respectful of the environment. History of Land Reforms in India Land reforms in the communist states of Bengal and Kerala were more successful after independence. The Bhoodan movement started by Acharya Vinoba Bhave was started voluntarily in Telengana, this land could never be sold. Operation Barga 1977 demonstrating small plots of land to landless farmers of Bengal. Successful Land Reform in J&K State Failure Only 2% of India's total land area has been redistributed, which is nominal. Most landowners donated estates in the names of relatives and servants, thus escaping redistribution. In many cases the donated land was not fertile and sterile. Phenomenon of absent landownership. Small landholdings are not suitable for farming on