According to the American Society for Quality, "The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that affect its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs." (Heizer, 2014, pp. 210). It is critical that operations managers are aware of TQM and the needs expressed by customers in previous products to ensure the highest quality is met for current and future production. Nissan used TQM when the company deployed global positioning systems within the new systems. models of their vehicles instead of dispersing them among all models. This was done to ensure that the quality of the product used was the best possible to ensure maximum customer satisfaction and safety. By focusing on high-end models, Nissan was able to meet customer needs within a two-week time frame. Customers looking at low-end models in which this dispersion did not occur were still willing to purchase these vehicles (Schmidt & Simchi-Levi, 2013, pp..