The Spirit of the Squirrel Observing the industriousness of squirrels in a spruce forest, Bowles and Blanchard teach lessons on the nature of work and the motivational factors related to it. For employees to be motivated to work, it must be worth it. (Bowles, 1998 p29) For squirrels, survival depends on the ability to store enough food for the winter. Greenberg presents an entire chapter on what motivates people to work. (Greenberg, 2010 pp 160 - 190) In it Greenberg presents several theories of motivation including hierarchy of needs theory, equity theory and expectancy theory. While Bowles and Blanchard present their program as indifferent to the objective content of the job, Greenberg goes to great lengths to identify job characteristics (other than managerial interventions) that influence employee satisfaction. It presents a model of job characteristics (Greenberg, 2010 p186) that parallels several points in Gung Ho! This is not to say that Greenberg ignores management's ability to influence the motivating potential of jobs. Discusses several interventions that can lead to more satisfying jobs. First, it suggests that employees be assigned an entire job, rather than using multiple workers to do separate parts of the job. This provides a greater variety of skills and task identity, which serves to improve job satisfaction. Second, Greenberg suggests that jobs be organized so that the person performing the service is in direct contact with the recipient of the service. This serves to build a bond of responsibility with customers. And finally, Greenberg suggests that jobs be organized to provide as much feedback as possible. When people know how they are doing, they are better equipped to take corrective action in the midst of paper elves and others. Companies generate vitality by giving people the feeling that what they do every day makes a difference." (Spreitzer & Porath, 2012)ConclusionsGreenberg, Bowles, and Blanchard are congruent texts that address many of the same issues in different ways. Both are valuable to their intended audience. As a popular commercial title, Gung Ho! It has a notable ability to remain on the market. The fact that it is the basis for popular advice probably helps. Many companies attest that the methodology presented is useful. Behavior management in organizations has an even longer presence on the market. However, as a textbook it is much less visible to the public eye. Both texts present valuable information for the manager. One would expect each of them to continue to be successful in their spheres of influence for the foreseeable future.