Topic > Asexuality and the Brain - 1357

Despite the vast body of literature on sexuality that has accumulated, human asexuality has been largely ignored. Asexuality is controversially considered a sexual orientation, and people who identify as asexual are people who typically do not experience sexual attraction (Asexuality Visibility and Education Network, 2013). Although research on sex and sexual orientations has been conducted for centuries, the first real suggestion that there might be people who fall outside the heterosexual-homosexual orientation spectrum came from Kinsey and colleagues in 1948. These individuals were placed in a separate category and were identified as having no erotic response to hetero or homosexual stimuli, but were otherwise largely ignored by researchers (Kinsey, 1953). Subsequently, researchers linked asexuality with negative traits and pathologies, including depression and low self-esteem (Masters, Johnson, & Kolodny, 1986; Nuius, 1983). One problem with these studies, however, is that researchers have defined asexuality in a way that most current asexuals disagree with. For example, in a study conducted by Bell and Weinberg (1978), references were made to asexual homosexuals who simply hid their homosexuality. Many asexuals, otherwise known as Aces, would have difficulty with this definition because homosexuality involves one type of sexual attraction: same-sex attraction. Since Aces generally do not experience sexual attraction to anything or anyone, they should not be classified under the same label as open homosexuals. Another problem is that none of these studies actually focused on asexuality. Instead, they were added from the side and generally ignored. In 2004, Anthony Bogaert became the first researcher… at the center of the article… is a conflict between possible responses to a situation (Carter & van Veen, 2007) because the caudal ACC plays an important role when it comes to initiate goal-directed behavior (Devinsky et al., 1995). Other areas that are sometimes activated include: the amydgala (Stoléru et al., 2011); the claustrum (Arnow et al., 2002; Stoléru et al., 2011); the orbitofrontal cortex (Stoléru et al., 2011); the hypothalamus (Redouté et al., 2002; Stoléru et al., 2011); the insula (Arnow et al., 2002; Moulier et al., 2006; Stoléru et al., 2011); the ventral striatum (Redouté et al., 2000; Stoléru et al., 2011); the cerebellum (Aalto et al., 2002; Ivry & Fiez, 2000; Stoléru et al., 2011). These areas are just some of the many areas that become activated in response to sexual stimuli and are activated for a variety of reasons and in response to various aspects of the stimuli..