PART 1Race is an important factor in the world because people use racial differences as a basis for discrimination. Racism is the practice of denying people access to rights or resources based on racial differences. Those who used facilities not designated for the color of their skin were criminally liable under the law. Plessy was arrested after refusing to sit in the black rail car which violated an 1890 Louisiana law requiring "separate but equal" segregated railroad accommodations. The 19th century was one in which there was an increase in institutionalized racism and legal discrimination against people of color in the United States. The end of the Civil War brought about a new era of anti-segregation laws across the United States. Some Americans accepted people of color as citizens with equal rights, but others spread racial divisions between people of color and non-colored people. Racial segregation has appeared in many places, including: government offices, school buildings, and public parks. With the help of the Thirteenth Amendment, slavery was finally put to an end in 1865. When the Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) African Americans were not U.S. citizens and northern whites had barred blacks from seats on public transportation. and blocked their entry. When people of color were allowed into different auditoriums and theaters, they were separated into different sections from where white people sat. The Supreme Court's 1883 ruling in civil rights cases prompted states to enact segregation laws in the United States. President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves in the Southern states, but the proclamation had little effect in 1983 due to the ongoing Civil War. Even after the Civil War he is......middle of paper......and world. We must remain focused on investing equitably in our public schools and our students, ensuring they have the resources and support needs, and we must not allow ourselves to be distracted by programs that have the effect of re-segregating America's public education system (Gentzel ). In the years to come, we must continue to work to ensure equal opportunities for all our children, from access to advanced classes to participation in the same extracurricular activities (Muskal). Brown v. Board of Education honors a core truth of our nation's democracy, and we must provide a strong education to every citizen of the United States to fulfill the promise made 60 years ago. To advance the honor of Brown v. Board of Education, we must ensure that every child in America has access to a great public school and a great future ahead of them..