Insomnia has seen a dramatic increase in recent decades, particularly in the UK. This is a problem as it causes damage to the biological state resulting in a negative change in the economic, personal and social status of the patient [1]. Therefore, this report will identify and discuss the treatments and causes of the rising number of insomniacs in the UK (graph one). Insomnia is described as a chronic condition in which one finds it difficult to fall asleep and/or stay asleep [2] and occurs when the responsibilities of the thalamus (the part of the brain that controls sleep) are not met [7]. Sleep is also controlled by the pineal gland (located behind the thalamus) which is activated when it becomes sleepy. obscured by the SCN (suprachiasmatic nucleus) and begins to produce melatonin constantly in the following 12 hours, making the body less alert and therefore we begin to feel drowsy. People who suffer from insomnia have damaged pineal glands and therefore do not feel sleepy during the night, but during the day [15]. Insomnia is experienced by many people if they are going through a stressful event, are uncomfortable, are worried or are ill. [2] If worries such as being unemployed, widowed or separated are persistent, then chronic insomnia may develop [1]. Otherwise, insomnia develops due to a psychological or physical disorder [2]. Insomnia is a greater problem for women, and the likelihood of developing it usually increases with age [1]. For example, the results of a study conducted by Arch Intern et al. on risk factors associated with insomnia showed that the odds ratio of women developing insomnia was 1.5 and for elderly people the odds ratio was 1.3 [9], thus supporting the idea of ​​prevention. .... half of the article.... ..bodeauInitials: CA, TH, RG, MH, GN, NR, CTYYear: N/ADate of access: 04.05.2014Reference 13: http://www.myoutsourcedbrain.com /2011/01/sleep-patterns-as-function- of-age.htmlTitle: Sleep Patterns as a Function of AgeType of medium: BlogAuthor: Benjamin Auffarth, Initials: BAYYear: 2011Date of access: 04.05.2014Reference 14: http:/ /www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mortality -aging/mortality-in-England-and-wales/average-life-span/rpt-average-life-span.htmlTitle: Mortality in England and Wales - Average Lifespan, 2010Type of media: Bulleted summary of an informative articleAuthor: N/AYear: 2012Date accessed: 04.05.2014Reference 15: http://sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/melatonin-and-sleep /page/0,1Website Title: National Sleep FoundationMedia Type: Information ArticleArticle Title: Melatonin and SleepAuthor: N/AYear: 2014Date Accessed: 04.05.2014