Selective breeding is the process in which humans manipulate the genetic transfer of organisms with desirable traits in an attempt to breed offspring with similar or improved traits. Selective breeding involves selecting and breeding certain organisms based on their phenotypic traits so that the desired traits are passed on to subsequent generations and the alleles from them increased in frequency in the gene pool. Males and females who have the same desirable traits are bred together; offspring with the desirable traits are bred together, which is known as test breeding and crossbreeding to produce pure breeders, since they have homozygous genotypes. In this way, a new race is produced, made up of organisms that have identifiable characteristics, which make them genetically and phenotypically different from the original mother population. Test breeding is used more specifically to determine homozygotes from heterozygotes who are non-pure breeders. Selective breeding is an important form of biotechnology in agriculture and medicine, because when scientists use the genetic makeup of an organism, they combine it with biotechnology so that the process is much more specific and does not waste the time and lives of those organisms. breeding is carried out by both commercial and hobby breeders. Breeding must be carried out within the same species, if it is carried out with two different species they cannot reproduce together. Animals bred are known as breeds, while plants bred are known as varieties or cultivars. The result of crossing animals and plants is called hybrids. There are two types of selective breeding that I... middle of paper... cloning has been happening for many years. Many problems, such as finding cures for diseases, less desirable qualities of livestock, shortages of food such as meat, dairy and milk, and shortages of human or animal organ donors, may worsen as the world becomes more populated and defects are discovered every day. It will help in our quality of life and allow us to live a longer life. It will help eliminate birth defects in children because we will understand genetics better with cloning. With animal cloning, we can clone animals for food to end world hunger. Cloning was developed as a potential technology for producing high-quality plants and animals. If the clone comes from a breed free from certain diseases, the disease can be eliminated from the breed. Furthermore, the best breeds, meat and other products of the highest quality could be produced consistently.