The speaker is Martin Luther King Jr, an African American who had to deal with all the cruelty and inequality that blacks were experiencing. The opportunity is to gain equal rights for everyone in America, regardless of race or sex. The audience Martin was connecting to was people with authority who would change the conditions of their lives and their struggles, but it was also aimed at anyone who would listen and try to make a difference. The purpose of King writing this speech was to gain equal rights and show people that everyone is equal. The topic of the speech is the rights of African Americans and how they are equal to whites. The tone that Martin has is determined and destined to get the result the way he wants