IntroductionThe concept of DNA testing has expanded over the past few decades and attention must be paid to the methods and implications of storing and using samples. The human genome is a complex structure made up of billions of base pairs. Only 0.1% of DNA makes up all the differences in the physical appearance of humans (Pattock, 2011, p.855). Each person has approximately one hundred trillion cells, all containing chromosomes that make up an individual's genome.DNA from a ChromosomeIn an article regarding familial DNA testing, A. Pattock (2011) reviews the methods involved in DNA testing. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are noncoding genes that have variable-number tracts in which copies of genetic sequences appear (p.854). STRs are identifiable quantities that can be used as an indicator for comparison. Each STR forms an allele, which is part of a gene formed by a mutation and which is found in the same position on a chromosome in every human being (p.855). Loci, or fixed location, are the key to using alleles for DNA identification. Although all STR alleles combined comprise completely different people, not all STRs are unique. For this reason, it is necessary to dissect multiple STR alleles (p.855, 856). The loci in AlleleCrime laboratories in the United States use 13 STR markers found on twelve chromosomes (p.856). In addition to the use of STRs, there are also different levels of research: high, moderate, and low rigor (p.858). Each type corresponds to a different number of alleles from the sample to those in the database. High-rigor searches match all 13 alleles, while moderate searches are designed on a case-by-case basis (p.858). Low and moderate rigor research is considered... half of article......002-9297/88/4204-0014Lachter, K. (2009). Science and law: the implications of DNA profiling. Dartmouth.edu. (pages 1-8). Retrieved from https://www.dartmouth.edu./~cbbc/courses/bio4-1997/KatieLachter.htmlMichael, K. (2010). The legal, social and ethical controversy of collecting and storing fingerprint profiles and DNA samples in forensic science. In K. Michael (Ed.), 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society: Social Implications of Emerging Technologies, 48-60. Retrieved from http://works.bepress.com/kmichael/429/Mitchener-Nissen, T. (2013). Addressing social resistance in emerging security technologies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, (August 2013), 1-4. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00483 Pattock, A. (2011). It's all relative: familial DNA testing and the Fourth Amendment. Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology, 12 (22), 851-77.