1.0 IntroductionEvery postcolonial country faces some inherent problems left by colonialism. Assam, a state in India, is no exception. Assam, as many say, is the "melting pot of cultures of various ethnic groups and tribes". In postcolonial Assam, however, this melting pot has occurred in such an environment that some external forces are breaking it. The forces have their genesis in colonial rule. Regarding the identity crisis in post-colonial Assam, Nandana Dutta has provided a very useful argument. He argued that “the problem of identity here in Assam, as in many postcolonial nations where the structure and imaginative model of the nation-state have been the result of colonialism, lies in the effort to integrate many ethnicities into the homogeneity of the nation. state.”1 In this article, therefore, an attempt will be made to highlight how colonial policy later in the post-colonial period contributed to raising the issues of identity and ethnicity in Assam. 1.1 Methodology The article is mainly based on various books and academic studies journal articles.Census reports and some other administrative reports are also used for the purpose of the document.2.0 Inter-ethnic relations during the AhomsEthnic conflict and migration issues. illegal, in Assam, are interconnected. Assam is a plural society comprising various ethnic groups. Under the Ahom administration a highly feudal society had developed in Assam and class division became quite characteristic and responsibilities, ethnic or religious divisions were not taken into account. People of different religions or communities were granted positions and titles with... half of the card... dan; Census, classification and social mobility in late nineteenth-century Assam in NEIHA; 2011; p,2765. Sarma, Chandan; Identity and Politics in Late Colonial Assam in NEIHA; 2009; p 2446. Ibid7. Sarma, Chandan; Census, classification and social mobility in late nineteenth-century Assam in NEIHA; 2011;p-2698. Ibid9. Reprint on the Caste and Tribes of Assam from Chapter VI of the Census Report of Assam 1881 in Census of India 1961; Publications manager; New Delhi; 1964;pp-37-11110. Barua, Sanjib; India against itself; OUP; New Delhi-110001; p-4611. Kalita, R.C.; 2011; Situate the Assamese middle class in the colonial period; Bhabani Press and Publications; Guwahati-781026; p-9412. Goswami, Priyam; 1999; Assam in the nineteenth century: industrialization and colonial penetration; Spectrum Publishing; Guwahati-78001; p-8013. Kalita, R.C.; 2011; op cited; P-98